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<span><span>American Political Rhetoric</span><span> is the only reader for introductory classes in American politics, government, and political communication designed to explore fundamental political principles through classic examples of political rhetoric. Now in its seventh edition, its selections include the entire political spectrum and contributors range from our nation's founders to contemporary elected public officials, Supreme Court opinions, and representatives of historic movements for social change. </span></span>

<span><span>Website </span></span>
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<span><span>Introduction </span></span>
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<span><span>1. Founding Principles </span></span>
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<span><span>The Declaration of Independence (1776) </span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist</span><span> 9</span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>10 </span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>47 </span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>48 </span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>49 </span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>51 </span></span>
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<span><span>Centinel, Letter I (1787) </span></span>
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<span><span>James Madison, On Property (1792) </span></span>
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<span><span>George Washington, Farewell Address (1796) </span></span>
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<span><span>Thomas Jefferson, Letter to John Adams (1813) </span></span>
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<span><span>2. Federalism </span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>39 </span></span>
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<span><span>Thomas Jefferson, </span><span>Notes on the State of Virginia </span><span>(1784) </span></span>
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<span><span>McCulloch v. Maryland </span><span>(1819) </span></span>
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<span><span>Hammer v. Dagenhart </span><span>(1918) </span></span>
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<span><span>United States v. Darby </span><span>(1941) </span></span>
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<span><span>Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority </span><span>(1985) </span></span>
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<span><span>United States v. Lopez </span><span>(1995) </span></span>
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<span><span>3. Congress and President </span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>57 </span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>63</span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>70</span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>71</span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist 73 </span></span>
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<span><span>Abraham Lincoln, Message to Congress in Special Session (1861) </span></span>
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<span><span>Franklin D. Roosevelt, Message to Congress (1942) </span></span>
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<span><span>War Powers Resolution (1973) </span></span>
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<span><span>Barack Obama, Report to the House of Representative Regarding United States Activities in Libya (2011) </span></span>
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<span><span>United States v. Nixon </span><span>(1974) </span></span>
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<span><span>Gerald R. Ford, The Nixon Pardon (1974) </span></span>
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<span><span>George W. Bush, Statement on the Intelligence Authorization Act (2004) </span></span>
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<span><span>Barack Obama, Memorandum on Presidential Signing Statements (2009) </span></span>
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<span><span>Barack Obama, Second Inaugural Address (2013) </span></span>
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<span><span>Barack Obama, Address to the Nation on Immigration (2014) </span></span>
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<span><span>4. Judiciary </span></span>
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<span><span>Brutus, Essay XI (1788) </span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>78 </span></span>
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<span><span>Marbury v. Madison </span><span>(1803) </span></span>
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<span><span>Abraham Lincoln, First Inaugural Address (1861) </span></span>
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<span><span>Franklin D. Roosevelt, Court-Packing Address (1937) </span></span>
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<span><span>William J. Brennan Jr., Speech to the Text and Teaching Symposium, Georgetown University (1985) </span></span>
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<span><span>The Northwest Ordinance (1787) </span></span>
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<span><span>Thomas Jefferson, Letter to Nehemiah Dodge and Others: A Committee of the Danbury Baptist Association, in the State of Connecticut (1802) </span></span>
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<span><span>Lee v. Weisman </span><span>(1992) </span></span>
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<span><span>McCreary v. American Civil Liberties Union </span><span>(2005)</span></span>
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<span><span>Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. </span><span>(2014) </span></span>
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<span><span>District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) </span></span>
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<span><span>5. Parties and Elections </span></span>
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<span><span>James Madison, Parties (1792) </span></span>
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<span><span>Robert M. La Follette, ‘‘The Danger Threatening Representative Government’’ (1897) </span></span>
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<span><span>Woodrow Wilson, </span><span>Constitutional Government in the United States </span><span>(1908) </span></span>
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<span><span>Franklin D. Roosevelt, Fireside Chat on Party Primaries (1938) </span></span>
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<span><span>The McGovern-Fraser Commission Report (1971) </span></span>
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<span><span>Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission </span><span>(2010)</span></span>
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<span><span>6. Constitutional Preservation and Political Change </span></span>
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<span><span>Woodrow Wilson, </span><span>Constitutional Government in the United States </span><span>(1908) </span></span>
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<span><span>Franklin D. Roosevelt, Commonwealth Club Campaign Speech (1932) </span></span>
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<span><span>Franklin D. Roosevelt, Address to the Young Democratic</span></span>
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<span><span>Clubs of America (1935) </span></span>
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<span><span>Lyndon B. Johnson, State of the Union Address (1964) </span></span>
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<span><span>Lyndon B. Johnson, Commencement Address at the University of Michigan (1964) </span></span>
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<span><span>Ronald Reagan, State of the Union Address (1982) </span></span>
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<span><span>George W. Bush, Remarks on Stem Cell Research (2001) </span></span>
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<span><span>Barack Obama, Remarks on the Stem Cell Executive Order and Scientific Integrity Presidential Memorandum (2009) </span></span>
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<span><span>7. Civil Rights: Race </span></span>
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<span><span>Dred Scott v. Sandford </span><span>(1857) </span></span>
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<span><span>Sections of the U.S. Constitution Concerning Slavery </span></span>
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<span><span>Thomas Jefferson, Draft of the Declaration of Independence (1776) </span></span>
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<span><span>Thomas Jefferson, </span><span>Notes on the State of Virginia </span><span>(1784) </span></span>
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<span><span>Abraham Lincoln, Speech on the Repeal of the Missouri Compromise (1854) </span></span>
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<span><span>Frederick Douglass, Address for the Promotion of Colored Enlistment (1864) </span></span>
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<span><span>Alexander Stephens, Corner Stone Speech (1861) </span></span>
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<span><span>Abraham Lincoln, Final Text of the Address Delivered at the Dedication of the Cemetery at Gettysburg (1863) </span></span>
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<span><span>Frederick Douglass, Oration in Memory of Abraham Lincoln (1876) </span></span>
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<span><span>Plessy v. Ferguson </span><span>(1896) </span></span>
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<span><span>Brown v. Board of Education </span><span>(1954) </span></span>
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<span><span>Lyndon B. Johnson, Address on Voting Rights (1965) </span></span>
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<span><span>Regents of the University of California v. Bakke </span><span>(1978)</span></span>
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<span><span>Grutter v. Bollinger </span><span>(2003) </span></span>
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<span><span>Barack Obama, A More Perfect Union (2008) </span></span>
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<span><span>Ricci v. DeStefano </span><span>(2009) <br>Barack Obama, Morehouse Commencement Address (2013) <br>Barack Obama, Remarks on the 50th Anniversary of the Selma to Montgomery Marches (2015) </span></span>
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<span><span>8. Civil Rights: Gender and Sexual Orientation </span></span>
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<span><span>Abigail Adams, Letter to John Adams (1776) </span></span>
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<span><span>John Adams, Letter to Abigail Adams (1776) </span></span>
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<span><span>The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions (1848) </span></span>
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<span><span>Susan B. Anthony, Is it a Crime for a Citizen of the United States to Vote? (1873) </span></span>
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<span><span>Minor v. Happersett </span><span>(1874) </span></span>
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<span><span>Jane Addams, Why Women Should Vote (1910) </span></span>
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<span><span>Roe v. Wade </span><span>(1973)</span></span>
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<span><span>Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey </span><span>(1992) </span></span>
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<span><span>Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Speaking in a Judicial Voice (1992) </span></span>
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<span><span>Rostker v. Goldberg </span><span>(1981) </span></span>
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<span><span>Romer v. Evans </span><span>(1996) </span></span>
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<span><span>Lawrence v. Texas </span><span>(2003) </span></span>
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<span><span>Obergefell v. Hodges </span><span>(2015) </span></span>
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<span><span>9. Foreign Policy 333</span></span>
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<span><span>Federalist </span><span>23 </span></span>
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<span><span>Alexander Hamilton, Pacificus, Letter No. 1 (1793) </span></span>
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<span><span>James Madison, Helvidius, Letter No. 1 (1793) </span></span>
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<span><span>George Washington, Farewell Address (1796) </span></span>
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<span><span>Franklin D. Roosevelt, ‘‘Four Freedoms Speech’’ (1941) </span></span>
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<span><span>Harry S Truman, Special Message to Congress on Greece and Turkey: The Truman Doctrine (1947) </span></span>
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<span><span>Dwight D. Eisenhower, Farewell Address (1961) </span></span>
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<span><span>Jimmy Carter, Address at the University of Notre Dame (1977) </span></span>
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<span><span>Ronald Reagan, Address to the British Parliament (1982) </span></span>
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<span><span>George W. Bush, ‘‘Second Inaugural Address’’ (2005) </span></span>
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<span><span>Barack Obama, West Point Commencement Address (2014) </span></span>
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<span><span>Rand Paul, a Conservative Realism Foreign Policy (2014) </span></span>
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<span><span>Marco Rubio, Council on Foreign Relations Speech (2015) </span></span>
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<span><span>Appendix: The Constitution of the United States </span></span>
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<span><span>About the Editors </span></span>

<span><span>Peter Augustine Lawler</span><span> is Dana Professor and chair of the Department of Government and International Studies at Berry College in Georgia. <br><br></span><span>Robert Martin Schaefer</span><span> is chair of the Department of Political Science &amp; Planning and professor of political science at the University of West Georgia. </span></span>

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<li><span>Expanded chapters on race and gender, including selections on sexual orientation</span></li>
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