Details
A Century of Crisis and Conflict in the International System
Theory and Evidence: Intellectual Odyssey III|
28,88 € |
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| Verlag: | Palgrave Macmillan |
| Format: | |
| Veröffentl.: | 25.07.2017 |
| ISBN/EAN: | 9783319571560 |
| Sprache: | englisch |
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Beschreibungen
This book is designed to present a fully developed theory of international crisis and conflict, along with substantial evidence of these two closely related phenomena. The book begins with a discussion of these topics at a theoretical level, defining and elaborating on core concepts: international crisis, interstate conflict, severity, and impact. This is followed by a discussion of the international system, along with two significant illustrations, the Berlin Blockade crisis (1948) and the India-Pakistan crisis over Kashmir (1965-66). The book then presents a unified model of crisis, focusing on the four phases of an international crisis, which incorporate the four periods of foreign policy crises for individual states. Findings from thirteen conflicts representing six regional clusters are then analyzed, concluding with a set of hypotheses and evidence on conflict onset, persistence, and resolution.
1. Multiple Paths to Knowledge<div><br></div><div><div><div>A. INTERNATIONAL CRISIS BEHAVIOR (ICB) PROJECT: OVERVIEW</div><div>Origins </div><div>Colleagues, Coders and Advisers </div><div>Rationale and Methods </div><div>Objectives </div><div>Formative Publications (1977-1980) </div><div>Case Studies – Qualitative Analysis </div><div>Data Sets and Aggregate Analysis</div><div><br></div><div>B. MILLENNIAL REFLECTIONS ON CRISIS AND CONFLICT</div><div>Advocates and Critics</div><div>Rationale</div><div>Diversity in International Studies</div><div><br></div><div>C. INTELLECTUAL ODYSSEY: PHASES, THEMES, CONCEPTS </div><div>Phases and Themes</div><div> Political Leadership and Charisma (Odyssey I)</div><div> Dynamics of the Arab/Israel Conflict (Odyssey II)</div><div> Interstate Crises and Conflicts (Odyssey III) </div><div>Concepts </div><div> Subordinate State System</div><div> Foreign Policy System</div><div> International System</div><div> Foreign Policy Crisis</div><div> International Crisis</div><div> Unified Model of Crisis</div><div> Crisis Severity</div><div> Crisis Impact</div><div> Protracted Conflict</div><div> Polycentrism</div></div><div><br></div>2. Theory I: Core Concepts and Systems<div><div><br></div><div>A. CORE CONCEPTS</div><div>International Crisis and Protracted Conflict</div><div>Severity and Impact</div><div><br><div>B. SYSTEM AND CRISIS</div><div>International System</div><div>Systemic Crisis</div><div>Berlin Blockade Crisis 1948-49</div><div>India/Pakistan Crisis over Kashmir 1965-66</div><div>Severity and Impact </div><div>Unit-System Linkages</div><div><br></div></div><div>3. Theory II: Unified Model of Crisis (UMC) and the ICB Framework</div><div><br></div><div><div>A. UNIFIED MODEL OF CRISIS</div><div>Conceptual Guidelines: Overview </div><div>Onset Phase--Pre-Crisis Period: Hypotheses on Onset; Crisis Onset Model Escalation Phase--Crisis Period: Hypotheses on Escalation </div><div>De-Escalation Phase--End Crisis Period: Hypotheses on De-Escalation</div><div>Impact Phase--Post-Crisis Period: Hypotheses on Impact</div><div><br></div><div>B. CHANGES IN ICB STRUCTURE</div><div>Recent Additions to Crisis-Conflict Project</div><div>Overview of Findings </div></div><div><br></div></div>4. General Findings: Foreign Policy Crises<div><br></div><div><div><div>Dataset: 29 Cases</div><div>Context Dimensions </div><div>Methodology in Case Studies: An Unresolved Debate</div><div>General Findings on Attributes of Foreign Policy Crises: </div><div> Trigger </div><div> Triggering Entity </div><div> Duration </div><div> Decisions </div><div> Decision-Makers </div><div> Attitudinal Prism </div><div> Values </div><div>Findings on Coping: Crisis Management</div><div> Information Processing</div><div> Consultation</div><div> Decisional Forum</div><div> Search for, and Consideration of, Alternatives</div><div>Findings on System Structures</div><div> Multipolarity </div><div> Bipolarity </div><div> Bipolycentrism</div><div> Unipolycentrism</div><div>Coping with Foreign Policy Crises: New Evidence Confronts Conventional Wisdom Hypotheses on Effects of Time and Impact of Stress</div><div> Cognitive Dimension </div><div> Decisional Dimension </div><div> Shared Response to Stress </div><div>Explanation – Commonality in Coping with High Stress </div><div>Stress-Behavior Relationship: Evidence from 29 Foreign Policy Crises </div><div>Test of Neo-Realism: Evidence from 29 Foreign Policy Crises</div></div><div><br></div></div>5. Theory III: Interstate Conflicts<br></div><div><div><div>Conflict Resolution Model </div><div>Basic Causes of Conflict Resolution</div><div> Collective Exhaustion</div><div> Changes in Balance of Capability</div><div> Domestic Pressures for Conflict Resolution External Pressures for Conflict Resolution </div><div> Reduction in Discordant Objectives </div><div> Reduction in Conflict-Sustaining Acts</div><div>Perceptual Calculus</div><div>Catalyst</div><div>Hypotheses on Conflict Resolution</div></div><div><br></div></div><div>6. Select Case Study Findings on Interstate Conflict: Africa and Americas</div><div><br></div><div><div>A. AFRICA</div><div>Chad/Libya </div><div>Ethiopia/Somalia</div><div>Western Sahara </div><div><br></div><div>B. AMERICAS</div><div>Costa Rica/Nicaragua<div><br></div></div></div><div>7. Select Case Study Findings on Interstate Conflict: Asia</div><div><br></div><div><div>Afghanistan/Pakistan </div><div>China/Vietnam</div><div><br></div><div>8. Select Case Study Findings on Interstate Conflict: Europe and the Middle East</div><br></div><div><div>A. EUROPE</div><div>Finland/Russia-USSR</div><div>Poland/Russia-USSR</div><div><br></div><div>B. MIDDLE EAST </div><div>Iran/Iraq</div></div><div><br></div><div>9. Select Case Study Findings on Interstate Conflict: Inter-Region</div><div><br></div><div>Georgia/Russia-USSR</div><div>Inter-Korea </div><div>North Vietnam/U.S. </div><div>Taiwan Strait</div><div><br></div><div>10. What Have We Learned about Interstate Conflict?</div><div><br></div><div><div>Hypotheses and Evidence on Conflict Onset </div><div>Hypotheses and Evidence on Conflict Persistence </div><div>Hypotheses and Evidence on Conflict Resolution<div><br>11. Critique of International Studies</div><div><br></div><div><div>A. SHORTCOMINGS</div><div>Intolerance of Competing Paradigms, Models, Methods, Findings </div><div>Closed-Mind Mentality</div><div>Tendency to Research Fashions Retreat from Science in IR, IS, WP</div><div>Low Value placed on Cumulation of Knowledge</div><div></div><div>B. FLAWED DICHOTOMIES<div>Theory vs. History as Approaches to Knowledge<div>Deductive vs. Inductive Paths to Theory </div><div>Horizontal (breadth) vs. Vertical (depth) Focus of Inquiry </div><div>Aggregate Data vs. Case Study Methods of Analysis </div><div>Large ‘N’ vs. Small ‘N’ clusters of data </div><div>System vs. Actor as the optimal Level of Analysis </div><div>Rational Calculus vs. Psychological Constraints on choice and the related divide (Reality vs. Perceptions as key to explain state behavior) Neo-Realism vs. Neo-Institutionalism or Constructivism as the correct Paradigm for the Study of World Politics </div><div><br></div><div>C. FINAL WORDS</div></div></div></div></div>
<b>Michael Brecher</b> is the R.B. Angus Professor of Political Science at McGill University, Canada.
This book is designed to present a fully developed theory of international crisis and conflict, along with substantial evidence of these two closely related phenomena. The book begins with a discussion of these topics at a theoretical level, defining and elaborating on core concepts: international crisis, interstate conflict, severity, and impact. This is followed by a discussion of the international system, along with two significant illustrations, the Berlin Blockade crisis (1948) and the India-Pakistan crisis over Kashmir (1965-66). The book then presents a unified model of crisis, focusing on the four phases of an international crisis, which incorporate the four periods of foreign policy crises for individual states. Findings from thirteen conflicts representing six regional clusters are then analyzed, concluding with a set of hypotheses and evidence on conflict onset, persistence, and resolution.
<p>Presents theoretical findings and reflections on extensive archive of 450 case studies on international crises</p><p>Addresses critical questions around the causes, escalation, and resolution of international crises to explore the crisis-conflict-war linkage</p><p>Offers the first book-length exposition of the International Crisis Behavior (ICB) Project</p><p>Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras</p>
“This book is an outstanding achievement in scholarship. A fully developed theory of conflict processes at the international level is developed and tested in this comprehensive study. It is an original combination of concept formation, hypotheses and testing that showcases the unrivalled resources of the International Crisis Behavior Project. This work is essential reading for those with interests in International Relations in particular and the social sciences in general.” (Patrick James, Dornsife Dean’s Professor, School of International Relations, University of Southern California, USA) <p>“This is an amazing summary and autobiographical reflection of the origins and evolution of the ICB project by its founder. It is the most systematic review of the theory and findings of one of the most important data-based project on interstate conflict in the field. His personal reflections make this fascinating book for those who want to know how research is done. The summary of results makes it an essential work for scholars, students, and those concerned with policy.” (John A. Vasquez, Mackie Scholar in International Relations, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA)</p>
<p>“Michael Brecher's authoritative volume gives us the language and conceptual framework to explain the dynamics of international crises and protracted conflicts in the international system. Readers will better understand the evolution of the intellectual debates surrounding the study of international conflict and peace, they will gain new insight into the core case studies, and, most of all, they will develop a multifaceted toolkit to aid in their own exploration of international crisis behavior.” (Kyle Beardsley, Co-Director of the International Crisis Behavior data project, Duke University, USA)</p>
<p>“Michael Brecher's authoritative volume gives us the language and conceptual framework to explain the dynamics of international crises and protracted conflicts in the international system. Readers will better understand the evolution of the intellectual debates surrounding the study of international conflict and peace, they will gain new insight into the core case studies, and, most of all, they will develop a multifaceted toolkit to aid in their own exploration of international crisis behavior.” (Kyle Beardsley, Co-Director of the International Crisis Behavior data project, Duke University, USA)</p>
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