Details

Shapes of Tourism Employment

HRM in the Worlds of Hotels and Air Transport
1. Aufl.

von: Gwenaelle Grefe, Dominique Peyrat-Guillard
139,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley
Format:	PDF
Veröffentl.:	16.07.2020
ISBN/EAN:	9781119751328
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	256

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Beschreibungen

Titelbeschreibung

The ambition of this book is to propose a grid of reading able to illuminate the current HR transformations experienced by the big historical international companies of the sector of the tourism, carried away by what is known as the "3rd tourist revolution ". The latter is characterized by the combination of three main phenomena: internationalization, digitalization and hyper-personalization that refound the employment relationship between employers, unions and employees. Internationalization requires a renewal of business models heckled by the low-cost strategies of new operators provoking social reactions to the extent of perceived psychological disruptions, to question the validity of these same strategies. Digitization has opened the way to the disintermediation at the origin of the evolution of the trades front and back office. Finally, hyper-personalization and adaptation to new client behaviors justify the hegemony of soft skills for a redefined hospitality. In the end, the employee must constantly deal with often paradoxical injunctions (example: standardization of service protocols versus empowerment). A focus will be made on two specific branches: hotels and air transport which will each be part of a part. The topic will be illustrated by case studies and testimonials. The two coordinators of the book will draw on the contributions of researchers who collaborate with them in the framework of an international research program they pilot.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction xi Gwenaëlle GREFE and Dominique PEYRAT-GUILLARD Part 1 Managing the Human Resources of Hotel Companies in the Face of Third Tourism Revolution Disruptions 1 Introduction to Part 1 3 Chapter 1 Disruption and the Strategy of Hotel Groups 9 Régis DUMOULIN and Aurore GIACOMEL 1.1 The hotel market: multinational companies and new players 9 1.1.1 Airbnb 11 1.1.2 Online travel agencies 11 1.1.3 International issues 12 1.2 Strategic responses from the world’s leading hotels 14 1.2.1 The positioning of groups in terms of hotel segments and ranges 15 1.2.2 Diversification strategies 16 1.2.3 Digitalization strategies 17 1.2.4 Hypercompetition and hypervariety of service 18 1.3 Conclusion 19 1.4 References 20 Chapter 2 Front-Office Jobs in the Age of Soft Skills 23 Aurore GIACOMEL and Benoît RAVELEAU 2.1 Toward a strong presence of soft skills in front-office jobs 23 2.2 Professionalization in front-office jobs, specificities that are tested in practice 25 2.3 The skills and work experience of front-line employees 30 2.4 Recruitment by soft skills and their difficult assessment 32 2.5 Conclusion 34 2.6 References 35 Chapter 3 The Upgrading of Skills for the Back Office, Middle Line and Support Staff 39 Gwenaëlle GREFE 3.1 The historical development of professions 39 3.2 Skills development in a context of forced internationalization 40 3.2.1 Internationalization, the target of high flyers 40 3.2.2 Internationalization as a lever for reconfiguring and separating professions 43 3.3 The rise in skills of the back office professions and support staff in the context of digitalization 45 3.3.1 The establishment of expert teams 46 3.3.2 New functional and operational professions 47 3.4 The rise in back office skills and support staff professions in the face of the dual quest for enrichment and sustainability 48 3.4.1 The diffusion of the economy of enrichment within the heritage hotel sector: the challenge of competencies 49 3.4.2 From the globalized economy to the sustainable economy: the search for and activation of new skills? 50 3.5 Conclusion 51 3.6 References 52 Chapter 4 Employee Turnover: HRM Challenges to Develop Commitment and Job Satisfaction 55 Brigitte CHARLES-PAUVERS 4.1 Problematic loyalty… 55 4.2 …challenged to develop necessary commitment and satisfaction at work 57 4.3 Creating the conditions for commitment and satisfaction 58 4.3.1 Recruitment 60 4.3.2 Training and development 61 4.3.3 Remuneration 61 4.3.4 Support from managers 62 4.4 Conclusion 62 4.5 References 63 Chapter 5 The Globalized Hotel Business: Worlds within a World 67 Aurore GIACOMEL and Régis DUMOULIN 5.1 Worlds at stake and human resource management 67 5.2 From the traditional concept of hospitality to the globalized hotel sector 68 5.3 Diversity of hotel structures and HRM 69 5.4 Diversity of professions and versatility of staff 70 5.5 New segmentations and culture of change in HR 71 5.6 Globalization: harmonizing HR cultures 73 5.7 Conclusion 75 5.8 References 75 Chapter 6 The Hospitality World in Poland: A Dynamic Industry in Search of Soft Skills 77 Aldona GLIŃSKA-NEWEŚ, Rafal HAFFER, Joanna WIŃSKA and Barbara JÓZEFOWICZ 6.1 Introduction: overview of the hotel industry in Poland 77 6.2 Soft skills and a sense of meaningful work 81 6.3 Soft skills in practice: a case study 84 6.4 Conclusion: HR progress recommendations for the hotel industry in Poland 89 6.5 References 91 Chapter 7 International Hotel Groups and their Entrenchment in Mainland China 95 Hong ZHU 7.1 The development of international hotels in China 95 7.2 The challenge of intercultural management 96 7.2.1 The case of the Ritz-Carlton in China 100 7.3 Challenges in retaining employees 101 7.4 Conclusion 105 7.5 References 105 Part 2 Managing the Human Resources of Air Transport Companies in the Face of Third Tourism Revolution Disruptions 109 Introduction to Part 2 111 Chapter 8 Rebuilding of Flag Carrier Airline Companies and Historical Value Violations 115 Gwenaëlle GREFE 8.1 National companies conquering the world: a historical background 115 8.1.1 The impetus of the Paris Convention and the rise of the interwar period 115 8.1.2 The acceleration given to air transport by the Chicago Convention 117 8.2 Flag-carrying companies in the age of globalization: toward historical value chains 119 8.2.1 American deregulation: an anticipation of globalization in Europe 120 8.2.2 The liberalization of the European sky and its consequences on the majors, at all levels 121 8.3 Conclusion 127 8.4 References 128 Chapter 9 Aircrew Conflict Management: Divisions and Continuity within the Ranks of the Majors 131 Gwenaëlle GREFE and Dominique PEYRAT-GUILLARD 9.1 Two jobs for the same condition 131 9.2 Flight crew, a class with comparable professional identities, difficult to integrate into traditional human resource management systems 132 9.3 Flight crew, the target of successive restructuring plans leading to separate corporate struggles 138 9.3.1 Cabin crew facing the challenge of trivializing their occupation 138 9.3.2 Flight deck crew in need of joint management 145 9.4 Conclusion 150 9.5 References 152 Chapter 10 Ground Personnel Exposed to Headwinds: Restructuring on Land in Response to Air Deregulation 155 Gwenaëlle GREFE 10.1 The ground worlds 155 10.2 Between ground and sky, the suspended world of air traffic controllers 157 10.3 Ground operations personnel, an adjustment variable in any context 162 10.3.1 Groundstaff: the immediate targets of legacies’ restructuring plans 162 10.3.2 ADP staff concerns 164 10.3.3 Deregulation and outsourcing of ground handling activities 166 10.4 Conclusion 170 10.5 References 170 Chapter 11 The Psychological Bonds between Airline Pilots and their Work: From Passion to Reason 173 Dominique PEYRAT-GUILLARD and Gwenaëlle GREFE 11.1 Airline pilot, from dream job to the psychological bonds experienced 173 11.1.1 Flying, a child’s dream 173 11.1.2 An emotional bond of identification with the profession threatened by societal and organizational developments 175 11.2 The particularity of the bond with the organization 177 11.2.1 From an idealized organization.. 177 11.2.2… to an instrumental, or even a simple acquiescence bond 178 11.3 Which HR policy? 180 11.3.1 Recruitment difficulties in the face of an announced shortage 180 11.3.2 Constrained career management 181 11.3.3 A social dialogue hampered by the impossibility of defending one’s profession 182 11.4 Conclusion 183 11.5 References 183 Chapter 12 The World of Companies Pro Social No Frills 187 Gwenaëlle GREFE 12.1 A world without social frills 187 12.2 The chaotic regime of charter airline personnel in the face of the widespread use of “sun destination planes” 188 12.3 Dark management at low-cost airlines: human resource management abuses 192 12.3.1 Social dumping and circumvention of European labor law 192 12.3.2 Human resource management optimization 198 12.3.3 From social dialogue avoidance to accommodation 201 12.4 Conclusion 203 12.5 References 204 Chapter 13 Hybrid Companies, Inclined to Reasoned Human Resource Management 209 Gwenaëlle GREFE 13.1 A hybridization of models 209 13.2 At the origin of the invention of low cost, a model based on employee commitment 210 13.3 The low-cost imitation strategy 212 13.3.1 The temptation of switching to low cost: the case of Aer Lingus 213 13.3.2 The inclusion of low-cost as a response: the choice of duplication and subsidization of medium-haul flights 216 13.4 Conclusion 220 13.5 Appendix: the Middle East airline world 221 13.6 References 223 Conclusion 225 Gwenaëlle GREFE and Dominique PEYRAT-GUILLARD List and Biographies of Authors 227 Index 231